VNSGU BCA Sem 2: Programming Skills Using C (204) Practical Solutions - April 2025 Set D

Paper Details

• Subject: Programming Skills Using C
• Subject Code: 204
• Set: D
• Semester: 2
• Month/Year: April 2025
• Max Marks: 25
• Time Recommendation: 45 Minutes
• Paper: View Paper | Download PDF

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Questions & Solutions

All questions are compulsory

Q1: Student Record Sorting

Max Marks: 10

Consider a structure as follow:

struct stud_info {
    int rno;
    char sname[30];
    int marks;
};

Write a C program that accept details of N-students and display student's details in descending order on marks.

1. Data Structure & Selection Sort

Implement student records and sort them by performance using a simple sorting algorithm.

Hint

Accept $N$ from the user, then use an array of struct stud_info. Use a nested loop (Bubble or Selection sort) to rearrange the array based on the marks field.

View Solution & Output

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

struct stud_info {
    int rno;
    char sname[30];
    int marks;
};

int main() {
    int n, i, j;
    struct stud_info s[100], temp;

    printf("Enter number of students: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    // [1] Accept Input
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("\nEnter Details for Student %d:\n", i+1);
        printf("Roll No: "); scanf("%d", &s[i].rno);
        printf("Name: "); scanf("%s", s[i].sname);
        printf("Marks: "); scanf("%d", &s[i].marks);
    }

    // [2] Sort Descending (Bubble Sort)
    for(i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for(j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
            if(s[j].marks < s[j+1].marks) {
                temp = s[j];
                s[j] = s[j+1];
                s[j+1] = temp;
            }
        }
    }

    // [3] Display Output
    printf("\nStudents Sorted by Marks (Descending):\n");
    printf("RNo\tName\tMarks\n");
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("%d\t%s\t%d\n", s[i].rno, s[i].sname, s[i].marks);
    }

    return 0;
}

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Initialization: Define the stud_info structure and accept the total number of students N from the user.
2. Logic Flow: Read details into an array of structures and apply the Bubble Sort algorithm to sort them based on marks in descending order.
3. Completion: Display the sorted student records in a tabular format showing Roll No, Name, and Marks.

Q2: Python String Menu

Max Marks: 10

Write a Python program that accept a line of text from user and perform following operations on it.

1. Toggle case
2. Title case
3. Sentence case
4. Exit Note: Menu will be repeated until user select Exit option.

1. Multi-Case String Transformation

Implement a command-line interface to manipulate text formatting.

Hint

Use input().swapcase() for toggle, input().title() for title case, and input().capitalize() for sentence case. Wrap everything in a while True loop.

View Solution & Output

# [1] Accept initial text
text = input("Enter a line of text: ")

while True:
    print("\n--- STRING MENU ---")
    print("1. Toggle Case")
    print("2. Title Case")
    print("3. Sentence Case")
    print("4. Exit")

    choice = input("Enter your choice (1-4): ")

    if choice == '1':
        print("Result:", text.swapcase())
    elif choice == '2':
        print("Result:", text.title())
    elif choice == '3':
        print("Result:", text.capitalize())
    elif choice == '4':
        print("Exiting...")
        break
    else:
        print("Invalid Choice!")

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Initialization: Accept a string input and enter a while True loop to display a repeating menu.
2. Logic Flow: Based on user choice, apply swapcase(), title(), or capitalize() methods to transform the text.
3. Completion: Print the transformed result or exit the loop if the user chooses the exit option.

Q3: Viva Preparation

Max Marks: 5

Potential Viva Questions

1. Q: How do you swap two structures in C?
   • A: By using a temporary structure variable of the same type and performing three assignment operations.
2. Q: Difference between title() and capitalize() in Python?
   • A: title() capitalizes the first letter of EVERY word; capitalize() only the first letter of the ENTIRE string.
3. Q: What is a nested loop?
   • A: A loop inside another loop, often used for processing 2D arrays or sorting.
4. Q: What is Bubble Sort?
   • A: A simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.
5. Q: How can you check if a string consists only of digits in Python?
   • A: Use the .isdigit() method.
6. Q: What is struct padding in C?
   • A: It is the addition of empty bytes by the compiler between structure members to align them with memory boundaries for faster access.

Common Pitfalls

• Infinite Loops: Ensure the Python menu has a clear break condition for choice 4.
• Buffer Overflow: In C, char sname[30] can only hold 29 characters + null. Use scanf("%29s", ...) for safety.

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Last Updated: April 2026