Integer Arithmetic Operations¶

Concept Explanation¶

Integer arithmetic involves performing fundamental mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and finding the remainder (modulo) on whole numbers. Understanding these basic operations is crucial for any programming task, as they form the building blocks of more complex calculations. Special attention is often given to division, especially preventing division by zero errors.

Algorithm¶

Start.
Get two integer numbers from the user (e.g., num1, num2).
Calculate the sum (sum = num1 + num2).
Calculate the difference (difference = num1 - num2).
Calculate the product (product = num1 * num2).
Display the sum, difference, and product.
Check if num2 is not zero: a. If true, calculate quotient (quotient = num1 / num2) and remainder (remainder = num1 % num2). b. Display the quotient and remainder. c. If false, display an error message for division by zero.
End.

Implementations¶

JavaPythonCOracle

import java.util.Scanner;

public class IntegerArithmetic {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("--- Integer Arithmetic Operations ---");

        System.out.print("Enter the first integer: ");
        int num1 = scanner.nextInt();

        System.out.print("Enter the second integer: ");
        int num2 = scanner.nextInt();

        int sum = num1 + num2;
        int difference = num1 - num2;
        int product = num1 * num2;

        System.out.println("Results:");
        System.out.println("Sum:        " + sum);
        System.out.println("Difference: " + difference);
        System.out.println("Product:    " + product);

        if (num2 != 0) {
            int quotient = num1 / num2;
            int remainder = num1 % num2;
            System.out.println("Division (Quotient): " + quotient);
            System.out.println("Remainder:           " + remainder);
        } else {
            System.out.println("Division and Remainder: Cannot divide by zero.");
        }

        scanner.close();
    }
}

print("--- Integer Arithmetic Operations ---")

num1_str = input("Enter the first integer: ")
num1 = int(num1_str)

num2_str = input("Enter the second integer: ")
num2 = int(num2_str)

sum_val = num1 + num2
difference = num1 - num2
product = num1 * num2

print("Results:")
print("Sum:       ", sum_val)
print("Difference:", difference)
print("Product:   ", product)

if num2 != 0:
    quotient = num1 // num2
    remainder = num1 % num2
    print("Division (Quotient):", quotient)
    print("Remainder:          ", remainder)
else:
    print("Division and Remainder: Cannot divide by zero.")

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num1, num2;
    int sum, difference, product, quotient, remainder;

    printf("--- Integer Arithmetic Operations ---");

    printf("Enter the first integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &num1);

    printf("Enter the second integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &num2);

    sum = num1 + num2;
    difference = num1 - num2;
    product = num1 * num2;

    printf("Results:\n");
    printf("Sum:        %d\n", sum);
    printf("Difference: %d\n", difference);
    printf("Product:    %d\n", product);

    if (num2 != 0) {
        quotient = num1 / num2;
        remainder = num1 % num2;
        printf("Division (Quotient): %d\n", quotient);
        printf("Remainder:           %d\n", remainder);
    } else {
        printf("Division and Remainder: Cannot divide by zero.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
  num1        NUMBER := &Enter_First_Integer;
  num2        NUMBER := &Enter_Second_Integer;
  sum_val     NUMBER;
  diff_val    NUMBER;
  prod_val    NUMBER;
  ratio_val   NUMBER; -- Renamed to avoid confusion with integer division
  rem_val     NUMBER;
BEGIN
  sum_val := num1 + num2;
  diff_val := num1 - num2;
  prod_val := num1 * num2;

  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number 1: ' || num1);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number 2: ' || num2);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum: ' || sum_val);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Difference: ' || diff_val);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product: ' || prod_val);

  IF num2 != 0 THEN
    ratio_val := TRUNC(num1 / num2); -- For integer quotient
    rem_val := MOD(num1, num2);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Division (Quotient): ' || ratio_val);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Remainder: ' || rem_val);
  ELSE
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Division and Remainder: Cannot divide by zero.');
  END IF;
END;
/

Explanation¶

Java: Uses the Scanner class for input. Integer division (/) truncates decimals. The modulo operator (%) gives the remainder. Includes if condition to prevent division by zero.
Python: Uses input() for string input, int() for conversion. Supports standard +, -, * operators. // is for integer division (floor division), and % is for modulo. Includes if condition to prevent ZeroDivisionError.
C: Employs scanf() to read integers and printf() for output. Uses +, -, *, / (integer division), and % for modulo. It's crucial to check for division by zero to prevent runtime errors.
Oracle: Implemented in PL/SQL. Uses substitution variables (&Enter_First_Integer) for user input. TRUNC(num1 / num2) is used to get the integer quotient, and MOD(num1, num2) for the remainder. DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE is used for displaying results. Division by zero is handled with an IF statement.

Flowchart¶

graph TD
    A[Start] --> B[Get num1 int]
    B --> C[Get num2 int]
    C --> D[Calculate operations]
    D --> E[Display results]
    E --> F{num2 != 0?}
    F -- Yes --> G[Calculate division]
    G --> H[Display division]
    H --> I[End]
    F -- No --> J[Display error]
    J --> I

Practice Problems¶

Modify the program to perform arithmetic operations on three numbers.
Implement similar operations for decimal numbers.
Take two numbers and find their average.

"Pure mathematics is, in its way, the poetry of logical ideas." - Albert Einstein

Decimal Arithmetic Operations¶