Python Debugging Techniques

Debug Workflow

1. Reproduce issue with a minimal case.
2. Inspect inputs and intermediate states.
3. Use logging or debugger (pdb/IDE).
4. Fix and add regression test.

Common Focus Areas

• Type/None handling errors.
• Mutable default argument bugs.
• Off-by-one indexing logic.

Summary

Structured debugging is faster than random print-based guessing.