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🚦 Control Flow & Conditionals

Prerequisites: None

Decision-making is the heart of programming. Use these problems to practice if, else if, else, and switch statements along with logical operators (&&, ||, !).

1. Even or Odd

Rating: Newbie | Difficulty: Easy Input an integer and check if it is even or odd.

💡 Hint Use the modulus operator: if (num % 2 == 0).

2. Maximum of Two Numbers

Rating: Newbie | Difficulty: Easy Input two numbers and print the larger one.

💡 Hint Use a simple `if (a

b)`.

3. Maximum of Three Numbers

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input three numbers and find the maximum among them.

💡 Hint Use nested if or logical &&: if (a > b && a > c).

4. Leap Year Checker

Rating: Intermediate | Difficulty: Medium Input a year and check if it is a leap year or not.

💡 Hint A year is a leap year if: (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0).

5. Positive, Negative, or Zero

Rating: Newbie | Difficulty: Easy Input a number and determine if it is positive, negative, or zero.

💡 Hint Use if, else if, and else.

6. Divisibility Check

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Check if a number is divisible by both 5 and 11.

💡 Hint if (num % 5 == 0 && num % 11 == 0).

7. Vowel or Consonant

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input a character and check if it is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or a consonant.

💡 Hint Remember to check for both uppercase and lowercase.

8. Grade Calculator

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input marks of 5 subjects. Calculate percentage and assign grades: - > 90%: Grade A - > 80%: Grade B - > 70%: Grade C - < 40%: Fail

💡 Hint Use an `if-else if` ladder.

9. Week Day Name (Switch Case)

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input a number (1-7) and print the corresponding week day (Monday, Tuesday, etc.) using a switch statement.

💡 Hint switch(day) { case 1: print("Monday"); break; ... }

10. Month Days

Rating: Intermediate | Difficulty: Medium Input a month number (1-12) and print the total number of days in that month.

💡 Hint Groups cases like 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 for 31 days. Don't forget February (28/29 days)!

11. Quadratic Equation Roots

Rating: Advanced | Difficulty: Hard Find the roots of a quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0.

💡 Hint Calculate discriminant D = b² - 4ac. If D > 0 (real roots), D == 0 (equal roots), D < 0 (imaginary roots).

12. Profit or Loss

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input Cost Price and Selling Price. Calculate profit or loss amount.

💡 Hint if (SP > CP) then Profit, else Loss.

13. Electricity Bill Calculator

Rating: Advanced | Difficulty: Hard Calculate total electricity bill based on units consumed: - First 50 units: ₹0.50/unit - Next 100 units: ₹0.75/unit - Next 100 units: ₹1.20/unit - Above 250 units: ₹1.50/unit - An additional surcharge of 20% is added to the bill.

💡 Hint Calculate step-by-step. If units = 120, bill = `(50 * 0.50) + (70 * 0.75)`. Then add 20% surcharge.

14. Triangle Validity (Angles)

Rating: Beginner | Difficulty: Easy Input three angles of a triangle and check if the triangle is valid.

💡 Hint The sum of angles must be exactly 180.

15. Triangle Type (Sides)

Rating: Intermediate | Difficulty: Medium Input three sides of a triangle and check if it is Equilateral, Isosceles, or Scalene.

💡 Hint

Equilateral: all sides equal. Isosceles: any two equal. Scalene: none equal.

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