Destructuring & Spread

1. Destructuring

Destructuring assignment is a special syntax that allows us to "unpack" arrays or objects into a bunch of variables.

Array Destructuring

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple"];
let [fruit1, fruit2] = fruits;

console.log(fruit1); // Banana
console.log(fruit2); // Orange

Object Destructuring

const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName: "Doe",
  age: 50
};

let {firstName, lastName} = person;
console.log(firstName); // John

2. Spread Operator (...)

The spread operator expands an iterable (like an array) into more elements.

Combining Arrays

const q1 = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar"];
const q2 = ["Apr", "May", "Jun"];
const year = [...q1, ...q2];

Copying Objects

const person = { name: "John" };
const updatedPerson = { ...person, age: 30 };

Rest Parameter

The same ... syntax is used for Rest Parameters in functions, which collects all remaining arguments into an array: function sum(...args) { ... }.